pre-Columbian Latin America
civilizations Aztecs
Maya Inca
cultural achievements technological achievements

 

The region in the Americas where Romance languages, such as Spanish and Portuguese, are spoken. Refers to the time period before Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas in 1492.
A pre-Columbian civilization in central Mexico known for their military conquests, religious practices, and monumental architecture. Advanced societies that have developed systems of government, social structure, and culture.
A pre-Columbian civilization in the Andes mountains of South America known for their elaborate road system, terraced agriculture, and impressive stonework. An indigenous civilization in Mesoamerica known for their hieroglyphic writing system, astronomy, and impressive architecture.
The contributions a civilization makes to tools, weapons, transportation, agriculture, and other aspects of technology. The contributions a civilization makes to art, architecture, language, religion, and other aspects of culture.

 

colonization indigenous peoples
impact Colonialism
Development Latin America
Impact Analysis

 

The original inhabitants of a region, often used to refer to those who lived in the Americas prior to European colonization. The process by which one nation extends its control over another territory or people.
The practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. The effect that colonization had on the indigenous peoples of pre-Columbian Latin America, including changes to their social, cultural, and economic systems.
A region consisting of countries in Central America, South America, and some Caribbean islands that were colonized by Spain and Portugal. The process of economic and social growth that leads to improved living standards and increased well-being in a country or region over a long period of time.
The process of examining and evaluating the impact of colonialism on the social, political, and economic structures of Latin American countries. The effect that colonialism had on the development and progress of Latin America in terms of social, political, and economic structures.

 

Social Structures Political Structures
Economic Structures Key Events
Key People History
Identification Latin America

 

The formal and informal institutions and organizations that govern a country, including government, political parties, and interest groups. The patterns of relationships and institutions that shape society, including family, religion, education, and government.
Important historical events that shaped the development of Latin America, such as the conquest of the Incas by the Spanish or the Mexican War of Independence. The systems and institutions that govern how resources are produced, distributed, and consumed in a country, including markets, financial systems, and regulations.
The study of past events and their impact on the present. Important figures in the history of Latin America, such as Simon Bolivar, Che Guevara, or Eva Perón.
A region made up of countries in Central and South America, as well as the Caribbean, that speak primarily Spanish or Portuguese. The process of recognizing and understanding the significance of key events and people related to the history of colonialism in Latin America.

 

Geography History
Social Economic
Political Challenges
Culture Identity

 

The study of past events and their impact on society and culture. The study of the physical features, climate, and human activity in a particular region.
Relating to the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in a particular region. Relating to human society and its members, especially with regard to their welfare and rights.
Difficulties that need to be overcome in order to achieve a particular goal or objective. Relating to the government or public affairs of a country or region.
The traits, beliefs, and characteristics that distinguish one person or group from another. The beliefs, customs, arts, and social institutions of a particular society or group.

 

Contemporary Societies
Modern era Amazon Rainforest
Andes Mountains Atacama Desert
Brazilian Highlands Cape Horn

 

The general community or groups within a community that share common values, customs, institutions, and practices. Belonging to or occurring in the present time; modern.
The largest rainforest in the world, spanning across South America and home to thousands of species of plants and animals. It is also an important source of oxygen for the planet. The present time, characterized by significant social, economic, and political changes and developments.
A high-altitude, extremely arid desert located in northern Chile that is considered the driest non-polar desert in the world. The world's longest mountain range that stretches along the western coast of South America and is home to the highest peak in the Americas, Aconcagua.
The southernmost point of South America and one of the most notorious shipping channels due to its rough waters and strong winds. A mountainous region that covers over half of Brazil and contains important mineral resources such as iron, gold, and copper.

 

Galapagos Islands Gran Chaco
Guiana Highlands Orinoco River
Pampas Patagonia
Tierra del Fuego Geography

 

A vast plain that covers parts of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay and is home to several indigenous groups who have adapted to its harsh conditions. A volcanic archipelago located off the coast of Ecuador that is home to unique species of plants and animals, including giant tortoises and marine iguanas.
The third largest river in South America that flows through Venezuela and Colombia and is an important transportation and trade route for the region. A mountainous region that covers much of Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and parts of Brazil and Venezuela and contains valuable mineral deposits such as bauxite and gold.
A sparsely populated region located at the southern end of South America that includes parts of Argentina and Chile and is known for its rugged terrain and wildlife, including penguins and sea lions. A vast grassland region that covers parts of Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil and is known for its cattle ranching and agriculture.
The study of the physical features, climate, and natural resources of a particular region. In the case of South America, it includes mountains, rainforests, deserts, rivers and ocean currents. An archipelago located off the southern tip of South America that includes parts of Argentina and Chile and is known for its glaciers and subpolar climate.

 

Colonization Indigenous population
Conquistadors Cultural diversity
Music Art
Literature Rainforests

 

The descendants of the original inhabitants of a territory before the arrival of foreign powers. In South America, there are many indigenous groups with diverse cultures and languages. The process by which a foreign power takes control of a territory and establishes political, economic, and social dominance. In South America, colonization began in the early 16th century with the arrival of the Spanish and Portuguese conquistadors.
The range of different customs, traditions, beliefs, languages, and artistic expressions found within a society or region. In South America, there are many diverse cultures across different countries and regions. The Spanish and Portuguese soldiers and explorers who conquered and colonized much of South America, often at the cost of the lives and autonomy of the indigenous populations.
A form of creative expression that involves producing visual works of beauty and meaning. In South America, there are many different artistic styles and traditions, including pre-Columbian art, colonial art, and contemporary art. A form of artistic expression that involves sound, rhythm, and melody. In South America, there are many different styles of music, including traditional indigenous music, folk music, and modern popular music.
A dense forested region that receives high amounts of rainfall. In South America, there are many significant rainforests, including the Amazon rainforest, which is the largest in the world. A form of written expression that involves creating stories, poems, and other works of language. In South America, there are many diverse literary traditions, including indigenous oral storytelling, colonial literature, and contemporary literature.

 

Andes Mountains Deserts
Ocean currents Economic challenges
Opportunities Globalization
Foreign investment Free trade agreements

 

A dry, barren region that receives little rainfall. In South America, there are several significant deserts, including the Atacama Desert in Chile, which is one of the driest places on earth. A mountain range that spans several countries in South America, including Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile. The Andes are the world's longest continental mountain range and have significant cultural and ecological importance in South America.
The difficulties faced by South American countries when it comes to their economy, such as high inflation and unemployment rates. The continuous movement of ocean water due to environmental factors such as temperature and wind. In South America, ocean currents play an important role in the region's climate and ecosystem, including the Humboldt Current off the coast of Peru, which brings nutrient-rich waters that support a diverse marine ecosystem.
The process of increased interconnectedness and integration of economies, societies, and cultures worldwide. The chances for economic growth in South America, such as the rich natural resources in the region.
International agreements that eliminate or reduce barriers to trade between countries to increase economic cooperation and growth. Money invested in South American countries by businesses and individuals from other countries to expand their operations.

 

Infrastructure Sustainable development
Export-oriented agriculture Labor market flexibility
Resource curse Income inequality
Debt crisis 50 states

 

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The physical and organizational structures and facilities that are required for the operation of a society, such as roads, airports, and communication networks.
The ability of the labor market to adapt to changes in the economy, such as the ability to hire and fire workers. Agriculture that is focused on producing crops for export markets, rather than for local consumption.
The unequal distribution of income among a population, where some individuals or groups have much higher incomes than others. The phenomenon where countries with abundant natural resources tend to have slower economic growth and more political instability.
The individual states that make up the United States of America. A situation in which a country is unable to repay its debts, often leading to a financial and economic crisis.

 

map cultural diversity
political diversity physical features
landmarks diversity
geography regions

 

The presence of multiple and different cultural groups within a society. A visual representation of the geographical features and boundaries of a particular area.
The natural landscape of a particular area, including mountains, rivers, and other geographical formations. The presence of multiple and different political parties, ideologies, or beliefs within a society or government.
The presence of differences, including but not limited to culture, ethnicity, race, gender, and socio-economic status. Prominent or significant features or structures that are recognized and identified as important to a particular area.
Areas with consistent and defining characteristics that set them apart from other areas. The study of the physical features, environment, and human activity and their relationships and interactions with one another within a particular area.

 

climate population
government Canada
Physical features Climate zones
Multicultural Location

 

The total number of people who live in a particular area or region. The weather conditions of a particular area over a long period of time, including temperature, precipitation, and other factors.
A North American country located above the United States on a world map. The system of governing or controlling a particular area or region, including the laws, institutions, and individuals responsible for this control.
Different regions of Canada that experience unique seasonal weather patterns, including subarctic, Mediterranean, and temperate zones. Natural landforms and bodies of water that make up the geography of Canada, such as the Rocky Mountains and the Great Lakes.
The position of Canada on a world map, north of the United States and south of the Arctic Ocean. A characteristic of Canadian society that reflects the diversity of its population, including people of Indigenous, European, Asian, African, and Middle Eastern descent.

 

Geography Rocky Mountains
Great Lakes Subarctic
Mediterranean Temperate
Indigenous United States

 

A mountain range that runs from British Columbia to New Mexico in North America, and is a major physical feature of Canada. The study of the physical features, natural resources, and human activity of a particular region or country.
A climate zone characterized by long, cold winters and short, cool summers, found in northern regions of Canada. A group of five large freshwater lakes located on the border between Canada and the United States, and a major physical feature of Canada.
A climate zone characterized by moderate temperatures and precipitation, found in southern regions of Canada. A climate zone characterized by mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers, found in coastal regions of British Columbia.
A country located primarily in North America, consisting of 50 states and multiple territories. Referring to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, including First Nations, Métis, and Inuit peoples in Canada.

 

Canada Similarities
Differences Cultural
Political Economic
Social Ties

 

Comparable aspects between two subjects, in this case between the US and Canada. A country located in North America, consisting of ten provinces and three territories.
Related to the shared values, beliefs, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group or society, in this case between the US and Canada. Contrasting aspects between two subjects, in this case between the US and Canada.
Related to the production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services, in this case between the US and Canada. Related to governance and the exercise of power, in this case between the US and Canada.
Connections or links between two or more subjects, in this case economic and social ties between the US and Canada. Related to human society and the relationships among individuals and groups, in this case between the US and Canada.

 

Critical thinking Analysis skills
Geography Caribbean Islands
Map Climate
Geography Natural resources

 

The ability to examine and interpret data, or information, to understand patterns, trends, or relationships, and to draw conclusions or make recommendations. The ability to objectively analyze and evaluate information, ideas, or arguments, to inform decisions or judgments.
A group of islands located in the Caribbean Sea between North and South America. The study of the physical features, climate, and human populations of the Earth, and how they interact with each other.
The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period. A geographical representation of an area.
Materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain. The study of physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these.

 

Cultural diversity Colonialism
Impact Location
North America South America
Sea Caribbean Islands

 

The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. The existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society.
The position or situation of something or someone. The action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.
A continent in the western hemisphere south of North America. A continent in the northern hemisphere between the Arctic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
A group of islands located in the Caribbean Sea. A large body of salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land.

 

geographical location cultural influences
geography history
development plantations
colonization independence

 

The various customs, traditions, beliefs, art, music, and cuisine from European, African, and indigenous populations, which are present in the Caribbean Islands. The specific position of the Caribbean Islands on the map, relative to other land masses.
The past events and major cultural movements that have shaped the Caribbean Islands and their people. The physical features and climate of the Caribbean Islands, including volcanic activity, mountains, and tropical weather conditions.
Large-scale farms where tropical crops like sugar cane, tobacco, and coffee were grown by enslaved Africans and indentured workers in the Caribbean Islands. The process of growth and change that has led to the current economic, social, and political systems of the Caribbean Islands.
The movement and struggle for self-rule and political autonomy by various Caribbean Islands after gaining independence from colonial powers in the 19th and 20th centuries. The process by which European powers claimed, occupied, and controlled the Caribbean Islands for centuries.

 

tourism hurricanes
diaspora Caribbean Islands
History Colonialism
Impact Political systems

 

Severe tropical storms that can cause extensive damage to the physical and built environment of Caribbean Islands, as well as significant loss of life and social disruption. The industry of travel and recreational activities that has become a major source of economic development and revenue for many Caribbean Islands.
A group of islands in the Caribbean Sea that includes Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and many others The communities of people who have migrated from the Caribbean Islands to other parts of the world, and the cultural, social, and economic impacts of this migration.
The policy or practice of acquiring and ruling other territories by using military force, political pressure or economic power The study of past events that have an impact on the present
The way in which a government is organized and operated The effect that an event, policy, or decision has on a particular group or situation

 

Socio-economic Status
Slave trade Plantation
Independence Tourism
Natural resources

 

The position or conditions in which someone or something is currently situated Relating to both social and economic factors
An estate on which crops such as coffee, sugar, and tobacco are cultivated by resident labor The buying and selling of human beings for forced labor
The commercial organization and operating of vacations and visits to places of interest The state of being self-governed and free from outside control
Materials or substances that exist in nature and can be used for economic gain