Unit 1 - ICT Devices | ||
Subunit 1 - Categories of Digital Devices | ||
| Personal Computers | Desktop Computer / Laptop Computer / All-in-One Computer / Workstation / Gaming PC / Tablet / Convertibles / Motherboard / Power Supply Unit (PSU) / Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) / Cooling System / Case / Display / Keyboard / Touchpad / Input Devices / | |
| Mobile Devices | Smartphone / Wearable / App / Operating System / Smartwatch / Touchscreen / Bluetooth / Fitness Tracker / Augmented Reality / | |
| Mainframes | Mainframe Computers / Batch Processing / Virtualization / Terminal / Parallel Processing / High Availability / Legacy System / Datacenter / Cluster Computing / | |
| Supercomputers | Supercomputers / Parallel processing / FLOPS / Cluster computing / Quantum computing / Exascale computing / Petascale / Grid computing / Distributed computing / | |
| Embedded Devices | Embedded devices / Microcontroller / Firmware / Real-time operating system (RTOS) / Sensor / Internet of Things (IoT) / Embedded software / Single-board computer / | |
Subunit 3 - Software | ||
| BIOS & MBR | BIOS / MBR / Bootloader / UEFI / CMOS / Firmware / Partition / Primary Partition / Extended Partition / Logical Partition / Active Partition / Dual-Boot / GRUB / Partition Table / Disk Cloning / Disk Imaging / Sector / Head / Platter / Cylinder / | |
| CLI, GUI & WIMP | CLI / GUI / WIMP / terminal / shell / command / prompt / output / mouse / keyboard / menu / drag and drop / window / icon / scroll bar / tooltip / shortcut / file explorer / taskbar / control panel / remote access / RDP / SSH / Remote desktop / WYSIWYG / User Interface / Interface / multimedia / digital media / hypermedia / | |
| Operating Systems | Operating System / Multi-tasking / Multi-user / Kernel / Interrupt / Command Line Interface / Graphical User Interface / File System / Device Driver / Virtual Memory / Process / Thread / Deadlock / File Allocation Table (FAT) / Disk Defragmentation / File Compression / Encryption / System Call / Boot Loader / System Tray / | |
| System / Utility Software | Operating System / Utility Software / Compression Software / Backup Software / Disk Defragmenter / Anti-virus Software / Firewall Software / Spyware Removal Software / Data Recovery Software / Encryption Software / Debugging Software / Compiler / Interpreter / Device Driver / Registry Cleaner / System Restore / Task Manager / Disk Cleanup / System Information / File Manager / System Utility Software / Antivirus Software / Driver Updater / Uninstaller / File Compression Software / | |
| Application Software | Application Software / Operating System / Word Processing Software / Spreadsheet Software / Database Software / Presentation Software / Graphics Software / Web Browser / Email Software / Antivirus Software / Firewall Software / Backup Software / File Compression Software / Media Players / Virtualization Software / Project Management Software / Accounting Software / CRM Software / ERP Software / Desktop Publishing Software / educational software / interactive learning / adaptive learning / gamification / learning management system / simulation software / communication software / email / instant messaging / video conferencing / voice chat / web conferencing / screen sharing / virtual meetings / teleconferencing / entertainment software / video games / music streaming / movie streaming / virtual reality / game development / | |
| Modelling Software | Modelling software / 3D modelling / CAD software / Simulation software / Data modelling / Statistical modelling / Computer-aided engineering / Rendering software / animation software / keyframe / timeline / Mathematical Modeling Software / | |
| User Interface Management | Window Manager / Taskbar / Desktop Environment / Shell / Menu / Dock / Theme / GUI / Notification Center / Shortcut / Virtual Desktop / Accessibility Options / | |
Subunit 4 - Input Devices | ||
| Mice & Trackballs | Trackball / Mouse / Ergonomics / Precision / Trackpad / Sensitivity / DPI / | |
| Keyboards & Keypads | Mechanical Keyboards / Membrane Keyboards / Keycap / Ergonomics / Wireless Keyboards / Function Keys / Backlit Keyboards / Keyboard / Keypad / Mechanical / Membrane / Numeric Keypad / Ergonomics / Key Travel / | |
| Microphones | ||
| Digital Cameras | ||
| Scanners | Flatbed Scanner / Sheet-fed Scanner / Handheld Scanner / 3D Scanner / | |
Subunit 5 - Output Devices | ||
| Monitors / Screens | ||
| Projectors | Projector / Lamp Life / Throw Ratio / Home Theater / Interactive Projector / | |
| Inkjet Printers | Inkjet / Cartridge / DPI / Paper feed / Print head / Print speed / Bubblejet / | |
| Laser Printers | Laserjet / Toner / Resolution / Duplex Printing / Cartridge / Driver / | |
| 3D Printers | Fused Deposition Modeling / Slicing Software / Filament / Resolution / Print Bed / Extruder / 3D Model / Support Structure / Layer Height / Post-Processing / | |
| Laser cutters / engravers | ||
| Graph Plotters | ||
Subunit 6 - Storage Devices | ||
| Magnetic Storage Devices | Magnetic storage / Hard disk drive / Read/write head / Track / Sector / Platter / Disk controller / Magnetic tape / Tape drive / Backup / Archiving / Data retention / Data recovery / Data redundancy / Data mirroring / Redundant Array of Independent Disks / SATA (Serial ATA) / IDE / Solid-state drive / | |
| Secondary Memory | Primary memory / Secondary memory / Hard drive / SSD / | |
| Optical Storage Devices | Optical Storage Devices / CD-ROM / DVD / Blu-Ray / Read-only / Write-once / Rewritable / Sector / Track / Pit / Land / Laser / Optical Disc Drive / Reflectivity / Data Density / Rotational Speed / Access Time / Buffer / Caddy / Tray / | |
| Electrical Storage Devices (SSD,Flash Drive) | Electrical Storage Devices / SSD / Flash Drive / Storage / Energy / Data / Integrated Circuits / Portable / Flash Memory / Digital / | |
| Cloud Storage | Cloud Storage / Virtualization / Data Migration / Data Center / Data Redundancy / Cloud Service Provider / Security Protocols / Subscription Model / Data Encryption / Data Replication / Private Cloud / Public Cloud / Hybrid Cloud / Network Latency / Cloud Backup / Disaster Recovery / Cloud Availability / Cloud Scalability / Data Center Virtualization / Cloud Deployment Model / | |
Subunit 7 - RAM, ROM & Cache | ||
| RAM & Cache | Cache Memory / Hits / Misses / RAM / Memory Module / Virtual Memory / Latency / Non-volatile Memory / Memory Management / Swap Space / | |
| ROM (Read Only Memory) | ROM / Firmware / Boot-up Sequence / Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM) / Bootloader / Flashing tool / Bricking / ROM flashing / | |
| Memory Performance Factors | Memory Bandwidth / Latency / Clock Speed / Memory Type / Memory Size / Memory Hierarchy / Memory Controller / bus width / memory clock speed / bandwidth / | |
Subunit 7 - Digital Payment Systems | ||
| Online Payment Systems | E-commerce / Payment Gateway / Cryptocurrency / Mobile Wallet / Fraud Prevention / Chargeback / Digital Currency / Two-Factor Authentication / Merchant Account / PayPal / Shopping Cart / Digital Wallet / Recurring Billing / | |
| Third Party Payment Systems | Merchant Account / Chargeback / Peer-to-Peer Payments / Alternative Payment Methods / Escrow Service / Fraud Prevention Tools / | |
| Two-Factor Authentication | Two-Factor Authentication / Authentication / Security Token / SMS Verification / Authenticator App / Biometric Authentication / One-Time Password (OTP) / Phishing / Password Strength / Account Recovery / | |
| Bank Cards | Debit Card / Credit Card / Contactless Payment / Chip Card / Magstripe Card / EMV / Mobile Wallet / Virtual Card / Magnetic Stripe / Card Reader / Fraud Prevention / Transaction Encryption / Card Skimming / Skimmer / PIN Capture / ATM Fraud / | |
| Contactless Payment Systems | NFC / Mobile Wallet / Payment Terminal / Contactless Card / | |
Subunit 8 - CPU, GPU & Motherboard | ||
| CPU, GPU & Motherboard | Central Processing Unit / Microprocessor / Instruction Set / Clock Speed / Cache Memory / Pipeline / Multicore / CPU / heatsink / fan / thermal paste / overclocking / liquid cooling / finned heatsink / GPU / Parallel processing / Graphics memory / Ray tracing / VRAM / memory slots / expansion slots / Power connectors / Form factor / power supply unit / | |
Subunit 9 - Accessibilty | ||
| Accessibility & Inclusion | Inclusion in Computing / Diversity / Equity / Underrepresented / Bias / Accessibility / Empowerment / Intersectionality / Growth Mindset / Allyship / Digital inclusion / Assistive technology / Web accessibility / Screen reader / Captioning / Inclusive design / Accessible Document Format / Alt Text / Tagged PDF / gender bias / gender gap / glass ceiling / equal opportunities / stereotype / work-life balance / mentorship / Harassment / Sexual Harassment / Microaggression / Digital divide / Technology gap / Internet inequality / Technological disparity / Access divide / Information divide / Connectivity gap / Digital literacy / Information literacy / Computer literacy / Internet literacy / Media literacy / Cybersecurity / | |
Unit 2 - Introduction to Networks | ||
Subunit - Networks | ||
| Introduction to networking | Networking / Router / Switch / IP Address / Protocol / LAN / WAN / Firewall / DNS / Ethernet / | |
| Types of networks – LAN,WAN,PAN | LAN / WAN / PAN / Network / Topology / Router / Switch / Firewall / IP Address / Packet / Bandwidth / Latency / Scalability / Quality of Service (QoS) / Traffic shaping / Internet of Things / Fitness Tracking / Wearable Devices / Smartwatches / Healthcare Monitoring / Personalized Entertainment / Smart Homes / Location Tracking / Mobile Payments / Encryption / WLAN / Wireless access point / SSID / Frequency band / Signal strength / | |
| Client server vs Peer to Peer | Client server / Peer to Peer / Server / Client / Centralized / Decentralized / Scalability / Reliability / Security / Efficiency / P2P network / File sharing / Distributed network / Resource sharing / Fault tolerance / | |
| Network Speeds | Network Speeds / Bandwidth / Latency / Ping / Download Speed / Upload Speed / Throughput / Jitter / Quality of Service (QoS) / Packet Loss / | |
| Network Protocols | TCP / UDP / HTTP / HTTPS / FTP / SMTP / POP3 / IMAP / SSH / NTP / DNS / DHCP / ARP / IPSEC / Network Protocol / Handshake / Standard / IPv4 / IPv6 / SSL/TLS / | |
Subunit - Internet & World Wide Web | ||
| Internet vs WWW | Internet / WWW / Network / Browser / HTML / URL / ISP / HTTP / Download / Upload / instant messaging client / text messaging / file sharing / group chat / emoticons / presence status / email clients / inbox / spam / attachment / folders / cloud storage client / file syncing / automatic backup / offline access / | |
| IP v4, IPv6 & MAC Addresses | IPv4 / IPv6 / MAC Address / IP / Internet Protocol version 4 / Internet Protocol version 6 / Media Access Control Address / Network Interface / Data Link Layer / OSI Model / public IP / private IP / NAT / MAC Addresses / mac address spoofing / | |
| HTTP, HTML, CSS & Javascript | HTTP / HTML / URL / GET / POST / HTTP Response / Status Code / Header / Hyperlink / Tag / HTTP Cookie / Session Cookie / Persistent Cookie / Tracking Cookie / Selector / Value / embedded inline external CSS / style attribute / external CSS / stylesheet / cascade / | |
| URLS, DNS & Address resolution | URL / DNS / Address Resolution / Domain / IP Address / Top-Level Domain (TLD) / Hostname / Resolver / URL Encoding / Root DNS Server / subdomain / Host / Hierarchy / Parent Domain / Domain Registrar / Top level domain / Domain Name / DNS Resolver / DNS Record / TTL (Time to Live) / TLD (Top-Level Domain) / Authoritative Name Server / | |
| Components of the World Wide Web | World Wide Web / HTML / URL / HTTP / Web Browser / Hyperlink / Website / Web Server / CSS / JavaScript / | |
Subunit - Wired Network Hardware | ||
| Introduction to Wired Networks | Wired Networks / Ethernet / LAN / Router / Switch / Cable / Fiber Optics / Bandwidth / CAT5e / | |
| Servers | servers / hosting / data center / virtualization / dedicated server / redundancy / | |
| Switches | Switch / Hub / Network Switch / MAC address table / MAC address / Physical port / Switching / | |
| Routers | Router / Firewall / Routing / IP Addressing / Network Address Translation (NAT) / Quality of Service (QoS) / Virtual Private Network (VPN) / Load Balancing / Packet Filtering / | |
| Modems | Modem / | |
| Wired Network Transmission Media | Ethernet Cable / Ethernet / bandwidth / | |
| Network Interface Cards | Network Interface Card (NIC) / Network interface controller / Ethernet / Full Duplex / | |
Subunit - Wireless Networks | ||
| Introduction to wireless networks | Wireless Networks / Wireless Communication / Wi-Fi / Bluetooth / Mobile Network / Cellular Network / LAN / WAN / Signal Strength / Roaming / Satellite network / Mesh network / Ad hoc network / NFC / | |
| Mobile communication standards | wifi / router / hotspot / SSID / encryption / bandwidth / signal strength / access point / Authentication / Key / Vulnerability / Cracking / Internet of things / Sensors / Smart Home / Security / | |
| Wireless Network Hardware | NAT / Private IP / Public IP / LAN / Gateway / Router / IP Lease / dhcp / DHCP server / authentication / integrity / authentication protocol / | |
| Wireless Network Encryption | Wired Equivalent Privacy / Wi-Fi Protected Access / WPA2 / WPA3 / | |
Subunit - Network Security | ||
| Network validation & authentication | Network validation / Authentication / Network security / Digital certificate / Biometric authentication / Access control / Two-factor authentication / Intrusion detection system / Firewall / Security audit / password authentication / credentials / authentication factor / hashing / salt / phishing / asymmetric encryption / symmetric encryption / public key / private key / key exchange / encryption / decryption / certificate authority / digital signature / certificate revocation / key pair / | |
| Protecting networks | Firewall / Antivirus / Intrusion Detection System / Encryption / Virtual Private Network / Two-factor authentication / Access control / Intrusion Prevention System / Vulnerability scanning / Security policy / Antivirus Software / Network Segmentation / network security audit / penetration testing / Acceptable Use Policy / User Agreement / Internet Usage Policy / incident response plan / mitigation / | |
| Viruses | computer virus / Antivirus / Trojan Horse / Worm / Ransomware / | |
| Malware | Malware / Virus / Trojan / Ransomware / Spyware / Adware / Worm / Rootkit / Keylogger / Phishing / | |
| Spyware | spyware / | |
| Phishing | Phishing / Spoofing / Two-factor authentication / Phishing website / | |
| DDOS Attacks | DDoS Attack / Zombie Computers / Amplification Attack / Packet Flooding / | |
| Brute Force Attacks | brute force attacks / dictionary attack / | |
| SQL Injection Attacks | SQL injection / Input sanitation / | |
| Insider Threats | Insider Threats / Privileged Access / | |
| Social Engineering | Social Engineering / Pretexting / Baiting / Tailgating / Impersonation / Spear Phishing / | |
| Physical Network Attacks | Physical system attacks / Eavesdropping / Tampering / Impersonation / Physical Tapping / | |
| Botnets | Botnet / Zombie Computers / Command and Control Server / Infected Devices / Bot Herders / | |
Subunit - Data Backup & Recovery | ||
| Causes of data loss | Hardware Failure / Software Corruption / Malware Attacks / Human Error / Natural Disasters / Power Outages / Accidental Deletion / Network Failures / Inadequate Backup / Malware infections / Power Outage / Flood / Fire / Earthquake / Hurricane / Tornado / Lightning / Tsunami / Wildfire / Improper Data Handling / Phishing Attacks / Unauthorized Access / Data Breaches / Misconfiguration / Lack of Backup / | |
| Consequences of data loss | Data loss / Data breach / Financial impact / Reputation damage / Legal consequences / Operational disruption / Data recovery costs / Data privacy violations / Customer trust erosion / Regulatory non-compliance / | |
| Preventing data loss | Backup / Data Recovery / Encryption / Data Backup Plan / Data Integrity / Disaster Recovery / Version Control / Data Archiving / Redundancy / Automated Backups / RAID / | |
| Error Checking | parity bits / error detection / odd parity / even parity / error correction / redundancy / Parity blocks / Data integrity / Checksum / RAID / Fault tolerance / Striping / Parity calculation / Capacity Overhead / MD5 / CRC / echo check / Automatic Repeat Query / Retransmission / Feedback / Packet Loss / Acknowledgment / Timeout / Sequence Number / Check digit / Luhn algorithm / | |
| Full, Incremental & Differential Backups | Full Backup / Incremental Backup / Differential Backup / Backup / Storage Medium / Data Loss / Backup Time / Source / | |
| Failover Systems | Failover Systems / Redundancy / High Availability System / Automatic Failover / Hot Standby / Cold Standby / | |
Unit 4 - Online Commodities and facilities | ||
Subunit 1 - Online Services | ||
| Shopping Systems | E-commerce / Shopping Cart / Payment Gateway / User Interface / Product Catalog / Checkout Process / Inventory Management / Customer Reviews / Digital Marketing / Return Policy / | |
| Ticket Booking Systems | Booking Engine / Payment Gateway / User Interface / Reservation System / E-Ticket / Cancellation Policy / Mobile Optimization / Dynamic Pricing / | |
| Online Banking Systems | ||
| Online Training & Education | ||
| Online Gaming | ||
| News & Information Resources | ||
| Online Auction Sites | ||
| Entertainment | ||
Unit 7 - Living in an Online World | ||
Subunit 1 - Individuals in an online world | ||
| Effects on health and well being | Telemedicine / Health Apps / Online Health Communities / E-learning for Health Professionals / Health Information Systems / Digital Therapeutics / Remote Monitoring / Health Education Online / Digital addiction / Eye strain / Poor posture / Sleep disturbances / Isolation / Cyberbullying / | |
| Data & Online Privacy | Data / Online Privacy / Encryption / Cookies / Cybersecurity / Anonymity / Data Breach / Phishing / Digital Footprint / Privacy Policy / Data privacy / Security breach / Identity theft / Data breaches / Tracking / Consent / accuracy / retention / data protection laws / personal data / data subject / data controller / Data Minimization / Anonymization / | |
Subunit 2 - Society in an online world | ||
| Online Communities | ||
| Digital Divide | ||
| Accessibilty | ||
| Online Learning | ||
Subunit 3 - Employment in an online world | ||
| Remote Working | ||
| Flexible Working | ||
| Impact of Artificial Intelligence | ||
Subunit 4 - Impact on the environment | ||
| Impact of technology on the environment | Environmental Impact / Technology / Society / Pollution / E-waste / Carbon footprint / Deforestation / Resource depletion / Digital divide / Greenwashing / Renewable energy / Energy efficiency / Green buildings / Eco-friendly transportation / Smart grid / Waste reduction / Precision agriculture / Environmental monitoring / Telecommuting / Habitat Loss / Species Extinction / Ecosystem / Fragmentation / | |
Subunit 5 - Legislation in an online world | ||
| Copyright | Copyright / Intellectual Property / Fair Use / Plagiarism / Public Domain / Licensing / Exclusive Rights / Infringement / Patent / Exclusivity / Patent Application / Patent Maintenance / Patent Enforcement / Market Exclusivity / Software Patent / Patentability / | |
| Computer Usage Laws | Legal Considerations / Contract Law / Intellectual Property / Privacy Laws / Employment Law / Compliance / Tort Law / Cybersecurity / Consumer Protection / Corporate Governance / Software Copyright / Patents / Infringement / Trade Secret / Open Source / Invention / Fair Use / Freeware / Shareware / Proprietary / Commercial / Public domain / Trialware / End-user license agreement (EULA) / Site license / Software license / Open source license / Freeware license / Shareware license / Commercial license / Single user license / Multi-user license / Multi User License / Cybercrime Laws / Computer Fraud / Digital Forensics / Online Harassment / Ransomware / Identity Theft / Intellectual Property Laws / Copyright / Trademark / Patent / Creative Commons / Data Protection / Breach Notification / Consent / Cybersecurity Laws / Online Defamation / Cyberbullying / Social Media / Slander / Harassment / Trolling / Online Reputation Management / Anonymity / Impersonation / Domain Name Disputes / Cybersquatting / Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (UDRP) / DNS Hijacking / | |
| Software Licence Types | Licensing / Proprietary license / Open Source / Proprietary / Freeware / Shareware / Public Domain / Copyleft / GNU General Public License (GPL) / Commercial License / Proprietary License / Compiled Program / Permissive License / MIT License / Site License / | |
Subunit 6 - Information in an online world | ||
| Reliability of information | ||
| plagiarism | ||
| Finding information | ||