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1. Limitations imposed by political systems, governments, or political factors on an organization.
2. A measure of the profitability of an investment, calculated by dividing the net profit by the initial investment.
3. The ability of different systems or components to work together without conflicts or issues.
4. A software build that is automatically created every night, usually to test the latest changes made to the codebase.
5. A group of influential individuals formed to lead and support the change initiative throughout an organization.
6. A computer system that is physically located nearby and operates independently from other systems.
7. Recently implemented or upgraded Information and Communication Technology systems.
8. Limits imposed by the characteristics and dynamics of the market in which an organization operates.
9. Old and outdated physical equipment that legacy systems run on
10. A change made to software or hardware that increases its speed, efficiency, or overall performance.
11. The time frame during which a changeover or conversion occurs, allowing for adaptation, training, and adjustment to the new system.
12. An already implemented system that is currently in use.
13. The rules or boundaries that define acceptable values for input within a system.
14. Incompatibilities or clashes between different software, hardware, or data formats.
15. The integration of digital technology into all areas of a business to fundamentally change how it operates.
16. The uncontrolled expansion or addition of project scope , leading to potential delays and cost overruns.