1	13
2
3																				15
4
	5							14
											6
			7
	12
8
	9
												10
	11

Across

1. A type of actuator that uses the piezoelectric effect to generate motion when an electric field is applied.

2. A control strategy where control output is proportional to the rate of change of the error signal.

3. A motor that uses electronic commutation instead of brushes to control the current flow in the windings, resulting in better efficiency and longevity.

4. A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to produce linear or rotary motion.

5. A control system where the output is not fed back to the input.

6. The desired value or setpoint that a control system tries to achieve.

7. The component of a control system that calculates the necessary adjustments to minimize the error signal.

8. A control strategy where the controller's output is proportional to the error signal.

9. A type of electrical actuator that moves in discrete steps, based on digital pulses, allowing for precise control.

10. A motor that operates as a closed-loop system, using feedback to control the position, speed, and torque accurately.

11. An electrical actuator that produces linear motion, often used in applications such as robotics or automation systems.

Down

12. The difference between the reference input and the actual output of a control system.

13. A control strategy that accumulates the error signal over time to eliminate steady-state errors.

14. A control algorithm that adjusts the output based on the proportional, integral, and derivative terms.

15. A technique used to control the position of a servo motor by varying the width of electrical pulses.

🖶