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14
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Across

1. A designated area on a disk that the operating system uses as virtual memory.

2. The rate at which data can be read from or written to memory.

3. The amount of memory available for storing data, programs, and processes.

4. A data structure used by the operating system to map virtual addresses to physical addresses.

5. The smallest unit of memory in SRAM and DRAM that can store a bit of data.

6. The number of bits a computer bus can efficiently transmit in a single operation.

7. A component that manages the flow of data between the processor and memory, influencing data transfer rates and efficiency.

8. A memory management scheme that eliminates the need for contiguous allocation of physical memory.

9. The delay between the moment data is requested and the moment it is received.

10. The time it takes for the memory to retrieve data when requested by the CPU.

11. The organization of different levels of memory, with varying access speeds and capacities, to optimize performance.

12. The period for which data can be stored in SRAM or DRAM without being refreshed.

13. The maximum rate data can be transferred between two points in a specified path.

Down

14. The process of assigning portions of virtual memory to physical memory locations.

15. The frequency at which a processor can execute instructions, affecting how quickly data can be processed and transferred to memory.

16. The frequency at which DRAM memory cells need to be refreshed to retain data.

17. The frequency at which a computer's memory operates, measured in cycles per second.

18. A memory management technique that allows a computer to compensate for physical memory shortages, temporarily transferring data from RAM to disk storage.

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