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Across

1. The process by which a device retrieves instructions from ROM to start up and initialize its hardware components.

2. In cache memory, a hit occurs when the requested data is found in the cache.

3. Random Access Memory, a type of computer memory that is volatile and temporary, used to store data that can be accessed quickly by the CPU.

4. In cache memory, a miss occurs when the requested data is not found in the cache and needs to be fetched from the main memory.

5. A program stored on the device that determines which software to load when the device is powered on.

6. Software that is stored in Read Only Memory and is essential for the operation of hardware devices.

7. An area of the hard disk used by the operating system as an extension of physical memory (RAM) when the system needs more memory than it currently has.

8. The delay between the time a memory request is made and the time the data is accessed, measured in nanoseconds.

9. A type of computer memory that retains data even when power is not supplied, such as ROM or flash memory.

Down

10. A term used to describe a device that has become unusable due to errors or incorrect flashing procedures.

11. The process of installing a new or custom ROM on a mobile device's internal memory.

12. A small circuit board that contains multiple RAM chips and is inserted into a computer's motherboard to provide additional memory.

13. Cache memory is a type of high-speed memory that stores frequently used data for quicker access.

14. Software used to flash ROMs, kernels, and other system files onto Android devices.

15. Memory management is a process of efficiently allocating and deallocating memory in an operating system to optimize overall system performance.

16. A technique that uses a portion of the computer's hard drive as an extension of RAM, allowing the system to run more programs simultaneously.

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