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Across

1. A cipher that replaces each letter in the plaintext with a different letter, symbol, or number in the ciphertext.

2. The study of analyzing and breaking encryption schemes

3. A transposition cipher that is created by writing the plaintext horizontally in a zigzag pattern, and then reading off the ciphertext vertically.

4. A technique used to analyze and decipher encrypted messages by studying the frequency of occurrence of letters or symbols in the ciphertext.

5. A mathematical operator used to perform division with remainder, often denoted by the percent symbol (%).

6. A method of attempting to gain unauthorized access to a system by systematically attempting all possible combinations of words from a dictionary as passwords.

7. The process of recovering passwords from data that has been stored or transmitted in an encrypted or hashed form.

8. A substitution cipher in which the symbol used to replace a letter varies depending on its position in the plaintext.

9. A measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting unauthorized access.

10. A type of encryption where the order of letters in the plaintext is rearranged

11. "A polyalphabetic cipher similar to the Vigenere Cipher, but using the plaintext itself as part of the key sequence in order to overcome a weakness observed in the original Vigenere Cipher."

Down

12. Communication that is encrypted and protected from unauthorized access

13. A technique used in cryptanalysis to analyze the frequency of letters or symbols in a ciphertext

14. A method of encrypting alphabetic text using a series of different Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a keyword.

15. A substitution cipher in which each letter is replaced with a single, fixed symbol throughout the ciphertext.

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