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1. The partition that is currently being used for booting.
2. A partition that can be booted from, used to store operating system files.
3. A disk-shaped component of a hard drive that stores data.
4. A partition that can't be booted from, used to create more logical partitions.
5. A program that loads the operating system into computer memory at boot time.
6. A section of a hard drive that is treated as a separate storage device by the operating system.
7. Creating an exact copy of a hard drive, including the operating system and all data files, as an image file that can be used to restore the original system or to create multiple identical systems.
8. A component of a hard drive that reads and writes data to the platters.
9. A partition within an extended partition, used to store data files.
10. Software that is permanently stored on hardware, such as the BIOS or a hard drive controller.
11. A set of tracks on a hard drive that are at the same distance from the center of the platter.
12. Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, a modern replacement for BIOS that provides better security and support for newer hardware.
13. GRand Unified Bootloader, a popular bootloader used on Linux and Unix systems.
14. Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor, small amount of memory that stores system configuration settings.
15. The program that runs first when a computer boots up and manages the system's hardware and firmware.
16. Copying an entire hard drive to another hard drive while preserving data and file structure.
17. A table located at the beginning of a hard drive that contains information about the location and size of each partition.
18. The smallest unit of storage on a hard drive, usually 512 bytes.
19. The ability to boot into two different operating systems on the same machine.