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Across

1. Electronic module that manages the flow of data between the computer and the hard disk drive.

2. Narrow concentric circle on the surface of a disk where data is magnetically stored.

3. Duration for which data has to be preserved and kept accessible.

4. Process of restoring lost or damaged data files from a backup or other copies of the data.

5. Magnetic storage device that uses a tape to store data sequentially.

6. Magnetic storage device that uses several disks coated with magnetic material to store data permanently.

7. Component of magnetic storage devices that reads and writes data onto disk by changing magnetic orientation of the disk's surface.

8. Disk inside a hard disk drive where data is magnetically stored.

9. Long plastic ribbon coated with magnetic material on which data can be magnetically recorded.

10. Type of storage that uses magnetic fields to write and read data on a disk or tape.

Down

11. Technique of storing duplicates of data to ensure that it is not lost in case of failure or damage to the original data.

12. Process of copying and storing data in a different location for safekeeping in case of data loss or damage to the original data.

13. Process of preserving data over a long period of time and ensuring that it remains accessible and usable.

14. Division of a track on a disk containing a fixed number of bytes.

15. Type of data redundancy where two copies of the same data are stored on separate magnetic disks.

16. Storage device that uses NAND-based flash memory chips to store data, offering faster access and higher durability than traditional hard disk drives.

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