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1. The process of analyzing the meaning of the source code and checking for semantic errors.
2. The process of improving the efficiency and performance of the generated machine code.
3. A program that translates source code written in a high-level programming language into a lower-level language, such as machine code.
4. The process of producing executable machine code or intermediate code from the analyzed source code.
5. A program that translates assembly language code into machine code.
6. A program that converts code from one programming language to another without necessarily changing the underlying logic.
7. The process of analyzing the grammar of the source code to determine its syntactic structure.
8. A program that directly executes instructions written in a high-level programming language without the need for prior translation.
9. The process of breaking down the source code into a sequence of lexemes (tokens) that can be processed by the compiler or interpreter.