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Across

1. The storage of the same data in multiple places within a database, which can lead to inconsistency and inefficiency.

2. An atomic set of database operations that must be executed as a whole, ensuring data consistency.

3. The accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data stored in a database, ensuring it is valid and trustworthy.

4. A lightweight relational database management system (RDBMS) that uses its own storage engine and is contained in a single disk file without a separate server process.

5. The technique of creating data structures, called indexes, to improve the speed of data retrieval operations in a database.

6. A professional responsible for managing and maintaining a database system.

7. The process of selecting the most efficient execution plan for a query in a database management system.

Down

8. The process of collecting and managing data from various sources for business intelligence and analysis purposes.

9. The process of creating copies of data to ensure its availability in case of data loss or corruption.

10. A request for data from a database using a specific set of criteria.

11. The process of organizing data in a database to eliminate redundancy and improve efficiency.

12. The protection of electronic databases from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction.

13. A type of database that organizes data into tables with predefined relationships between them.

14. A software program or module that is responsible for managing how data is stored, organized, and accessed in a database.

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