1	13
									15
2
																								18
3
											4	16
5
7											6
			8														17
					9
12		10
11		14

Across

1. The process of verifying the integrity of network data by sending a request packet and comparing the echoed response packet.

2. The process of deriving parity information from the data blocks.

3. A technique where data is divided into blocks and stored across multiple disks, including parity blocks.

4. The inclusion of extra information or resources in a system to improve reliability and provide backup in case of failures.

5. The process of resending data packets that have been lost or corrupted during transmission.

6. A signal sent by the receiver to inform the sender that data packets have been successfully received.

7. A digit added to a number to help detect errors.

8. The assurance that data remains accurate, consistent, and complete throughout its lifecycle.

9. A unique identifier assigned to each data packet to ensure correct ordering and detect duplicate packets.

10. A mathematical formula used to validate a variety of identification numbers.

11. The process of detecting and correcting errors that occur during data transmission or storage.

Down

12. Information sent from the receiver to the sender to indicate whether data packets have been successfully received or not.

13. The additional storage space required to store parity blocks, reducing the overall usable capacity of a RAID system.

14. A storage technology that uses parity blocks to improve data reliability and performance.

15. The failure of one or more data packets to reach their destination due to factors like network congestion or transmission errors.

16. The process of detecting and correcting errors that occur during data transmission or storage using error correction codes.

17. A value calculated from the data to verify its integrity and detect errors.

18. A method of error detection where the number of 1s, including the parity bit, is always odd.

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