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1. The practice of analyzing and breaking codes and ciphers
2. A pattern that moves in a back-and-forth motion like a zigzag
3. The process of converting ciphertext into plaintext using a cipher
4. The process of converting plaintext into ciphertext using a cipher
5. The original message before being encrypted by a cipher
6. A cryptanalysis technique that involves analyzing the frequency of letters or characters in ciphertext to identify patterns
7. The encrypted message produced by applying a cipher to plaintext
8. A cryptanalysis technique that involves trying every possible key to break a cipher
9. Communication that is encrypted and protected from unauthorized access
10. A cipher that encrypts a block of plaintext at a time and produces a corresponding block of ciphertext
11. A transposition cipher that rearranges plaintext by writing it in a zigzag pattern over a predetermined number of rows before reading off the ciphertext from the columns.
12. A cipher that rearranges the order of the plaintext without changing the actual letters or characters