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Across

1. A type of data validation that verifies if a value falls on the lower or upper boundary of an acceptable range.

2. A DDL query used to modify the structure of an existing table.

3. The degree to which data or information is correct, precise, and free from errors.

4. Security vulnerabilities that occur when user input is directly concatenated into SQL queries.

5. A request for data or information from a database.

6. A relationship where a single entity can be associated with multiple entities.

7. A situation where two or more transactions are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.

8. The technique of creating data structures, called indexes, to improve the speed of data retrieval operations in a database.

9. A logical unit of work that is performed as a single, indivisible operation in a relational database.

10. A clause in SQL that limits the number of rows returned in a query result.

11. A diagram that shows the implementation details of a database, including data types and constraints

12. A file that records all the transactions and activities in a database system.

13. A rule applied to data in a database to maintain its integrity and prevent invalid or inconsistent data from being stored.

Down

14. An entity that exists to create a relationship between two other entities.

15. The process of collecting and managing data from various sources for business intelligence and analysis purposes.

16. Data structures that improve the speed of data retrieval operations in a relational database.

17. Verifying the integrity of data by checking its calculated checksum.

18. A type of database that organizes data into tables with rows and columns, and establishes relationships between tables.

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