The process of photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth as it allows plants to convert sunlight into energy. During this process, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil, using light energy absorbed by the . The primary products of photosynthesis are glucose, a type of sugar, and oxygen, which is released into the as a byproduct.
The photosynthesis process can be divided into two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle. In the light-dependent reactions, sunlight is captured and converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and . These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the and require light to take place.
During the Calvin cycle, the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. This stage does not require light and can occur both during the day and at . The production of glucose provides energy for the plant and serves as a building block for other essential molecules.
Understanding photosynthesis is crucial as it plays a vital role in the food chain and supports virtually all life forms on . Not only does it provide energy for plants, but it also produces oxygen needed by animals and humans for .
