TCP and UDP are two of the most widely used transport layer protocols in computer networking. provides reliable, connection-oriented communication between applications, while offers a connectionless, unreliable mode of data transfer.
is an application layer protocol used for transferring hypertext documents on the World Wide Web. It operates over , ensuring the secure delivery of web content. Its secure counterpart, , adds an extra layer of encryption, providing a secure channel for communication.
is another application layer protocol that facilitates the transfer of files between a client and a server. It employs to ensure the reliable delivery of files.
is an application layer protocol used for sending and receiving email messages. It relies on for reliable and secure email transmission.
and are both used by email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server. While operates over and downloads messages to the client's device, allows clients to access email messages directly on the server.
and are network protocols used for secure remote access to a command-line interface on a remote host. employs encryption to protect data confidentiality and integrity, while operates in plaintext, making it less secure.
is used to synchronize the clocks of computer systems over a network. It ensures accurate timekeeping and is crucial for various network applications.
is a hierarchical system that translates domain names into IP addresses, allowing users to access websites using human-readable names. It plays a pivotal role in the functioning of the internet.
is responsible for automatically assigning IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network. It simplifies network administration by dynamically managing IP allocations.
is used to map an IP address to a physical (MAC) address on a local network. It enables devices to communicate with each other on an Ethernet network.
is a network layer protocol used for diagnostic and error reporting purposes. It helps identify issues such as unreachable hosts or network congestion.
and are commonly used for voice and video communication over IP networks. manages the real-time transmission of multimedia data, while sets up and controls communication sessions.
is a protocol suite that provides secure communication over IP networks. It offers authentication, data integrity, and confidentiality services, ensuring secure transmission of data.
