In a biological context, the cell is often referred to as the basic unit of . Cells are classified into two main types: prokaryotic and cells. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler, lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. In contrast, eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus that contains their genetic material, as well as various organelles that perform specific functions.
Photosynthesis is a critical process that occurs in plants, allowing them to convert light energy into energy. During this process, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil, using sunlight to transform these inputs into glucose and oxygen. The overall chemical equation for photosynthesis can be simplified to: carbon dioxide + water + light energy → glucose + .
The plays a vital role within eukaryotic cells, housing the cell's DNA and coordinating activities such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. DNA is structured as a double helix, composed of units called nucleotides, which contain a sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The sequence of these bases encodes genetic information and determines an organism's .
Cell division occurs through two primary processes: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, essential for growth and tissue repair, while meiosis produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes, critical for sexual . Understanding these processes is fundamental to the study of genetics and cellular biology, as they underpin the inheritance of traits and the continuity of life.
Keywords
traits | nucleus | oxygen | eukaryotic | chemical | life | reproduction |
