| Accumulator |
a special-purpose register in a CPU that is used for arithmetic operations and holds the results of calculations |
| Address Bus |
A bus in a computer architecture that is used to specify the memory address in read or write operations. |
| Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) |
The component of a CPU that performs arithmetic and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and comparison. |
| Bus |
A communication system that transfers data between components in a computer. |
| Central Processing Unit |
The primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the computer, including performing arithmetic, logical, control, and input/output operations. |
| Control Bus |
A bus in a computer architecture that is used by the CPU to communicate with other hardware components and control their operations. |
| Control Unit |
The component of a CPU that manages the execution of instructions, coordinates the activities of the other components, and controls the flow of data within the CPU. |
| Data Bus |
A bus in a computer architecture that is used to transmit data between the CPU and other hardware components. |
| Input/Output (I/O) |
The process of transferring data between the computer and external devices, such as keyboards, monitors, and printers. |
| Instruction Decode |
The process of determining the exact operation to be performed and the operands of a given instruction. |
| Instruction Execution |
The process of carrying out the operation specified by an instruction using the data from registers and memory. |
| Instruction Fetch |
The process of retrieving a program instruction from memory so that it can be executed by the CPU. |
| Instruction Register |
a register that holds the currently executed instruction in a CPU |
| Memory |
The component of a computer that is used to store data and program instructions for immediate use by the CPU. |
| Memory Address Register |
a register that holds the address of a memory location currently being accessed by the CPU |
| Memory Data Register |
a register that stores data being transferred to and from the memory unit |
| Program Counter |
a register that keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed in a program |
| Register |
a small amount of storage in the central processing unit (CPU) that is used to store data or instructions temporarily during program execution |
| Stored-Program Computer |
A computer that stores program instructions in its memory along with data, allowing the instructions to be treated as data and executed by the CPU. |
| System Bus |
A communication pathway that connects the various components within a computer system, allowing data and control signals to be transferred between them. |
| Von Neumann Architecture |
A computer architecture where where programs and data are stored in the same memory and can be executed sequentially by the CPU |
