Database Information Systems
Relational Database SQL
Database Management System (DBMS) Data
Information Value

 

A system that collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose. A structured set of data stored electronically.
Structured Query Language, a programming language used for managing relational databases. A type of database that organizes data into tables with rows and columns, and establishes relationships between tables.
Raw facts or figures that have not yet been processed or analyzed. A software system that manages databases, providing interfaces for users to interact with the data.
The worth or significance of data or information in a particular context. Processed and analyzed data that is meaningful and useful.

 

Accuracy Relevance
Interpretation Knowledge
Data Quality Data Processing
Decision Making Object-Oriented Database

 

The quality or state of being closely connected or appropriate to a specific purpose or topic. The degree to which data or information is correct, precise, and free from errors.
The understanding or awareness acquired through the interpretation and application of information. The act of explaining or making sense of data or information by considering its context and implications.
The transformation of raw data into a meaningful format through various operations and actions. The level of accuracy, completeness, and consistency of data.
A type of database that stores data as objects, which have their own properties and behaviors. The process of selecting a course of action or making a choice based on available data and information.

 

Graph Database Time-Series Database
Distributed Database Nosql Database
Flat File Database Record
Field Delimiter

 

A type of database optimized for storing and retrieving time-stamped or time-series data, such as sensor readings or financial market data. A type of database that uses graph structures to store, represent, and query relationships between complex interconnected data entities.
A type of database that provides a non-relational data model, flexible schema, and horizontal scalability, often used for big data and real-time applications. A type of database that stores data across multiple computers or servers, allowing for improved performance, fault tolerance, and scalability.
A unit of data in a flat file database that contains all relevant information about a specific entity or object. A type of database that stores data in a plain-text file without a complex structure.
A character used to separate fields or records within a flat file database, allowing for easy parsing and retrieval of data. A component of a record in a flat file database that represents a single attribute or property of the entity being stored.

 

Spatial Database In-Memory Database
Replication Data Partitioning
ACID Approach Transaction
Atomicity Consistency

 

A database system that primarily relies on the main memory (RAM) of a computer for data storage, instead of traditional disk storage. A database that is optimized for storing and querying spatial data, such as points, lines, and polygons.
A technique used in distributed databases to divide the data into smaller subsets or partitions, which are then stored on different nodes in the network. The process of creating and maintaining copies of data across multiple nodes in a distributed database for increased fault tolerance and availability.
A unit of work performed on a database that follows the ACID approach. A set of properties that guarantee that database transactions are processed reliably.
The property that ensures the database remains in a valid state after a transaction. The property of a transaction to be an indivisible operation, either all or none of its changes are applied.

 

Isolation Durability
Concurrency Redo Log
Undo Log Locking
Transaction Log Audit Trail

 

The property that ensures that committed transactions survive permanent system failures. The property that ensures transactions are executed in a way that they are unaware of each other.
A mechanism used in the recovery process of a database to bring it to a consistent state after a crash. The property that allows multiple transactions to execute concurrently without interfering with each other.
A mechanism used to control concurrent access to data, preventing conflicts and ensuring data consistency. A mechanism used in the recovery process of a database to revert the effects of incomplete or aborted transactions.
A sequential record of all the changes made to a database, stored in the transaction log. A file that records all the transactions and activities in a database system.

 

Log File Recovery
Logging Point-In-Time Recovery
Undo Operation Redo Operation
Database Transactions Commit

 

The process of restoring a database to a previous state using the information in the transaction log. A file that contains a systematic record of events, actions, or observations.
The ability to recover a database to a specific moment in time using the transaction log. The process of recording events, activities, and information to a log file or transaction log.
A process that reapplies the changes recorded in the transaction log during database recovery. A process that reverses the effects of a transaction by applying the opposite changes recorded in the transaction log.
The final step of a database transaction where all changes made within the transaction are permanently saved. The process of performing multiple database operations as a single unit of work, ensuring consistency and integrity of data.

 

Rollback Isolation Level
Deadlock Concurrency Control
Savepoint Serializability
Transaction Scheduling Timestamp Ordering

 

A property that determines how concurrent transactions interact with each other and the level of data visibility. The process of undoing all changes made within a transaction and returning the database to its previous state.
Techniques and mechanisms used to manage the simultaneous execution of transactions without interference or inconsistency. A situation where two or more transactions are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.
A property of transactions that allows them to behave as if they were executed sequentially, even though they may be executed concurrently. A point within a transaction where you can roll back a part of the transaction instead of the entire transaction.
A concurrency control technique in database systems where transactions are ordered based on their timestamp values. The process of determining the order in which transactions should be executed in a database system.

 

Serialization Two-Phase Locking
Operation Query
Relational Databases Tables
Primary Key Foreign Key

 

A concurrency control protocol where a transaction acquires all its required locks before starting execution and releases them all at the end. It enforces serializability. Ensuring that the execution of multiple transactions produces the same result as if they were executed sequentially.
A request for data or information from a database. A specific action carried out on a database.
An essential component of a relational database that organizes data into rows and columns. A type of database that stores and provides access to data points that are related to one another.
A field in one table that refers to the primary key in another table. A unique identifier for each record in a relational database table.

 

Normalization Indexes
Transactions ACID Properties
Join Junction Table
Many-To-Many Relationship Composite Key

 

Data structures that improve the speed of data retrieval operations in a relational database. The process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.
A set of properties that ensure database transactions are processed reliably in a relational database system. A logical unit of work that is performed as a single, indivisible operation in a relational database.
A database table that links two or more tables together. A relational operation that combines data from two or more tables based on a related column between them.
A key that consists of two or more attributes that together uniquely identify a record. A type of relationship where multiple records in one table are associated with multiple records in another table.

 

One To One One To Many
Many To Many Entity
Database Schema Database Management Systems
Index Backup

 

A relationship where a single entity can be associated with multiple entities. A relationship where a single entity is associated with exactly one other entity.
An object or concept that can have data stored about it. A relationship where multiple entities can be associated with multiple other entities.
A software system that manages databases and allows users to access and manipulate data. The structure that defines the organization of data within a database.
The process of creating copies of data to ensure its availability in case of data loss or corruption. A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations in a database.

 

Data Warehousing Database Administrator
Database Storage Engine Sqlite
Database Security Query Optimization
Indexing Data Redundancy

 

A professional responsible for managing and maintaining a database system. The process of collecting and managing data from various sources for business intelligence and analysis purposes.
A lightweight relational database management system (RDBMS) that uses its own storage engine and is contained in a single disk file without a separate server process. A software program or module that is responsible for managing how data is stored, organized, and accessed in a database.
The process of selecting the most efficient execution plan for a query in a database management system. The protection of electronic databases from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction.
The storage of the same data in multiple places within a database, which can lead to inconsistency and inefficiency. The technique of creating data structures, called indexes, to improve the speed of data retrieval operations in a database.

 

Data Integrity Range Check
Presence Check Format Check
Length Check Syntax Check
Boundary Check Entry Verification

 

A type of data validation where the value is checked to make sure it falls within a specified range. The accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data stored in a database, ensuring it is valid and trustworthy.
A type of data validation that verifies if the value is in the correct format or follows a specific pattern. A type of data validation that ensures a value is provided and not left blank or empty.
A type of data validation that examines the structure and format of data to ensure it adheres to predefined rules. A type of data validation that confirms if a value meets a specified length requirement.
The process of checking the accuracy and integrity of entered data. A type of data validation that verifies if a value falls on the lower or upper boundary of an acceptable range.

 

Validation Luhn
Isbn Barcode
Checksum Data Validation
Checksum Validation Verification Process

 

A mathematical algorithm used to validate the numerical integrity of various identification numbers. The process of ensuring that data is accurate, consistent, and complies with predefined rules.
An optical representation of data that can be easily scanned and interpreted by a barcode reader. International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a unique numerical identifier for books.
Ensuring that data is accurate, complete, and fits the required format or rules. A value calculated from data for error detection in order to verify the accuracy of the data.
A series of steps performed to confirm the correctness and validity of data. Verifying the integrity of data by checking its calculated checksum.

 

Barcode Scanner Uniqueness Check
Pattern Check Type Check
Schema Validation Entity Integrity
Referential Integrity Domain Integrity

 

A process of verifying that an item is unique within a certain context. A device that captures and reads barcodes to retrieve encoded information.
A validation process to ensure that a value belongs to a specific data type. Verification of whether a given input matches a specified pattern.
The integrity constraints that ensure that no primary key value can be null or empty, and that each primary key value is unique in a table. Ensuring that data follows a defined structure or schema.
The integrity constraints that enforce valid data entry for a given column, ensuring that values meet specified criteria. RThe integrity constraints that ensure the consistency between related tables by enforcing rules on foreign key values.

 

Orphaned Record Cascade Delete
Data Anomaly Integrity Constraint
Database Management System Data Backup
Data Recovery Database Performance Tuning

 

The action of automatically deleting all dependent records in child tables when a record in the parent table is deleted. A record in a child table that doesn't have a corresponding record in the parent table.
A rule applied to data in a database to maintain its integrity and prevent invalid or inconsistent data from being stored. An inconsistency or irregularity in the data stored in a database, which violates one or more integrity constraints.
The process of creating copies of data and storing them in a separate location for disaster recovery purposes or as a precaution against data loss. A software application or system that allows for the management and organization of databases, including handling data storage, retrieval, and manipulation.
The process of optimizing a database system to improve its efficiency, response time, and overall performance by adjusting various parameters and configurations. The process of retrieving or restoring data that has been lost, damaged, or accidentally deleted from a database, usually through the use of backup copies.

 

Data Migration Database Design
Data Manipulation QBE
Graphical User Interface Non-Technical Users
Visual Query Systems Drag-And-Drop Interface

 

The process of planning and creating a database structure that meets the requirements of the organization, including determining tables, relationships, and constraints. The process of transferring data from one database system or storage system to another.
A query method that allows users to build queries by filling in templates or grids. The process of using SQL commands to modify data within a database, including operations like update, insert, and delete.
Individuals who may lack specialized knowledge in programming or database languages. An interface that allows users to interact with software through visual indicators and elements.
A user-friendly method that enables users to select objects and manipulate them within a graphical environment for query creation. Tools that allow users to build queries using graphical elements rather than text-based commands.

 

Natural Language Interfaces Relationship
Attribute Cardinality
Associative Entity Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)
Conceptual ERD Logical ERD

 

Describes how entities are related to each other in a database. Tools that enable users to communicate with databases using everyday language instead of programming languages.
Describes the number of instances of one entity that are associated with the number of instances of another entity. A characteristic or property of an entity.
A visual representation of the logical structure of a database, showing the relationships between entities An entity that exists to create a relationship between two other entities.
A detailed diagram that includes attributes and primary keys for each entity in a database A high-level diagram that depicts the important entities and their relationships in a database

 

Physical ERD 1St Normal Form
2Nd Normal Form 3Rd Normal Form
Atomic Values Dependency

 

A database normalization process that eliminates duplicate data and ensures data is stored in a tabular format with atomic values. A diagram that shows the implementation details of a database, including data types and constraints
A database normalization process ensures all attributes are dependent only on the primary key and not on other non-key attributes. A database normalization process that ensures that non-key attributes are fully dependent on the primary key.
The relationship between attributes where one attribute's value is based on another attribute's value. Indivisible data elements that cannot be further decomposed, ensuring data integrity and reliability.