Input-Process-Output Model Input
Process Output
Data Flow System
Model Abstraction

 

Data or information that is given to a system or process as an entry in order to generate an output. The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model is a conceptual framework that describes the flow of data in a system, where input is transformed into output through a series of processes.
The outcome or result that is generated by a system or process once it has completed processing the input data. Actions or operations are carried out on the input data to convert it into output.
A set refers to a grouping of interconnected components or processes that collaborate to accomplish a particular goal. The transfer of information from one component or process to another within a system or between different systems.
The process of simplifying complex systems or phenomena by focusing solely on the crucial details and disregarding irrelevant or unimportant aspects. A simplified portrayal or abstraction of a real-world system, grasping its essential entities and their interconnections.

 

Feedback Control
Parallel Algorithm Sequential
Parallel Multi-Agent
Models Task

 

Management refers to the various mechanisms or processes that oversee and direct the input, process, and output of a system with the aim of attaining the intended results. Information regarding the system's output which aids in refining the input or the process for better results.
A type of model in which tasks are performed one after the other in a linear order. An algorithm designed to take advantage of parallel processing.
A type of model that involves multiple autonomous entities or agents, each with their own goals and behavioral rules. A type of model in which tasks are performed simultaneously, often utilizing multiple processors or threads.
A unit of work or activity that needs to be completed. Representations or simulations that describe systems or phenomena.

 

Order Simultaneously
Processors Threads
Autonomous Von Neumann Architecture
Stored-Program Computer Central Processing Unit

 

At the same time or concurrently. The sequence or arrangement in which tasks or events occur.
Independent sequences of instructions that can be scheduled and executed by a processor. Hardware components capable of executing instructions and performing calculations.
A computer architecture where where programs and data are stored in the same memory and can be executed sequentially by the CPU Capable of acting independently or self-governing.
The primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the computer, including performing arithmetic, logical, control, and input/output operations. A computer that stores program instructions in its memory along with data, allowing the instructions to be treated as data and executed by the CPU.

 

Memory Instruction Fetch
Instruction Decode Instruction Execution
Control Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Input/Output (I/O) Bus

 

The process of retrieving a program instruction from memory so that it can be executed by the CPU. The component of a computer that is used to store data and program instructions for immediate use by the CPU.
The process of carrying out the operation specified by an instruction using the data from registers and memory. The process of determining the exact operation to be performed and the operands of a given instruction.
The component of a CPU that performs arithmetic and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and comparison. The component of a CPU that manages the execution of instructions, coordinates the activities of the other components, and controls the flow of data within the CPU.
A communication system that transfers data between components in a computer. The process of transferring data between the computer and external devices, such as keyboards, monitors, and printers.

 

Control Bus Data Bus
Address Bus Register
Accumulator Program Counter
Memory Data Register Memory Address Register

 

A bus in a computer architecture that is used to transmit data between the CPU and other hardware components. A bus in a computer architecture that is used by the CPU to communicate with other hardware components and control their operations.
a small amount of storage in the central processing unit (CPU) that is used to store data or instructions temporarily during program execution A bus in a computer architecture that is used to specify the memory address in read or write operations.
a register that keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed in a program a special-purpose register in a CPU that is used for arithmetic operations and holds the results of calculations
a register that holds the address of a memory location currently being accessed by the CPU a register that stores data being transferred to and from the memory unit

 

Instruction Register System Bus
Fetch Execute
Cycle Instruction
CPU Step

 

A communication pathway that connects the various components within a computer system, allowing data and control signals to be transferred between them. a register that holds the currently executed instruction in a CPU
The last step in the instruction execution cycle, where the CPU carries out the instruction. The first step in the instruction execution cycle, where the CPU retrieves an instruction from memory.
A command or operation given to the CPU to perform a specific task. A sequence of steps that the CPU goes through to execute an instruction.
A single operation or action within a larger process or cycle. The Central Processing Unit, which is the main component of a computer responsible for executing instructions.

 

Retrieve Sequence
Carry Out Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle
Decode

 

An ordered collection or arrangement of items or events. To fetch or obtain information or data from a source or memory location.
The process by which the computer fetches an instruction from memory, decodes it, and then executes it. To perform or execute a task or instruction.
The second step of the Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle, where the computer interprets the fetched instruction.